Unraveling Potential Hosts of SARS-CoV-2 with ACE2 Orthologs

Summary

In this study, Yinghui et al. systematically explored the genetics and functionality of ACE2 orthologs derived from 48 mammalian species and revealed that SARS-CoV-2 has the potential to infect a wide range of species including those closely contacting humans (pets, livestocks, mammals in zoos, etc.), stressing the necessity of surveilling susceptible hosts for cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

Background

Identification of zoonotic reservoirs and potential hosts of SARS-CoV-2 is of great importance for controlling the current COVID-19 pandemic and preventing future outbreaks. Previous studies have revealed that SARS-CoV-2 relies on a receptor known as angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2) to achieve host cell entry in humans. However, the ability of nonhuman mammalian ACE2 orthologs to facilitate viral entry is still unclear. Therefore, Yinghui et al. conducted genetic and functional assessments of ACE2 orthologs from a wide range of mammalian species to unravel their potential role in promoting SARS-CoV-2 transmission (Yinghui et al. 2021).