Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe, progressive genetic disorder that primarily affects skeletal and cardiac muscles. It is caused by pathogenic variants in the DMD gene, which encodes dystrophin, a large protein that helps stabilize muscle fiber membranes during ...Learn More

Breast cells are the different types of cells that make up breast tissue. They work together to support the structure and function of the breast. Normal breast cells grow, divide, and die in a controlled manner. However, when cells in the breast begin to grow and divide ...Learn More

Understanding the canine immune system is essential for advancing veterinary medicine, developing effective vaccines, and improving disease management in dogs. Among the many cytokines involved in immune regulation, Interleukin-15 (IL-15) has emerged as an important molecule due ...Learn More

Epithelial tissues form the protective covering of the body's internal and external surfaces. They line the skin, digestive tract, respiratory system, and many organs, acting as barriers against physical damage, pathogens, and environmental stress. To maintain these tissues, ...Learn More

Scientific understanding of cellular communication has evolved dramatically over the past few decades. Researchers now recognize that cells rely on far more than proteins and genes to coordinate biological functions. Lipids, once viewed primarily as structural components of cell ...Learn More